Particularly, turbulence and icing episodes can promote loss of control of the aircraft, which is one of the main causes of aviation accidents. Severe weather conditions, such as hail, heavy precipitation, lightning, mountain waves, icing, wind shear, or turbulence, can affect aircraft safety. In addition, a case study is analysed to evidence the WRF ability to properly detect turbulence and icing associated with mountain waves, even when there is no visual evidence available. The results show that north-northwest wind directions, moderate wind velocities, and neutral or slightly stable conditions are the main features for the episodes evaluated. The simulations produced by this scheme are used to evaluate the characteristic variables of the mountain wave episodes at windward and leeward and over the mountain. Nevertheless, the Thompson microphysics scheme combined with the Yonsei university PBL scheme shows the best results. Few differences are found among the different skill scores. Simulated pseudosatellite images are validated using satellite observations, and an analysis is performed through several skill scores applied to brightness temperature. The two experiments showing the best results are used to simulate thirteen episodes with observed mountain waves.
This shows the incompetence of some experiments to capture the phenomenon. Twenty different weather research and forecasting (WRF) model configurations are evaluated in an initial analysis. Mountain waves are formed in this area due to the proximity of the Guadarrama mountain range. In this paper, these weather phenomena are analysed in the vicinity of the Adolfo Suárez Madrid-Barajas Airport (Spain). "You Can Say That" (M.Turbulence and aircraft icing associated with mountain waves are weather phenomena potentially affecting aviation safety."I Wouldn't Know" ( Marc Beeson, Robert Byrne, Mike McGuire) – 3:33.
"Cabin Fever" ( Marty Raybon, Bud McGuire, Lonnie Wilson) – 2:29."Always Have, Always Will" ( Larry Boone, Paul Nelson, Woody Lee) – 3:50.
" Heaven Bound (I'm Ready)" ( Dennis Linde) – 3:09." Somewhere in the Vicinity of the Heart" ( Bill LaBounty, Rick Chudacoff) – 4:05." Darned If I Don't (Danged If I Do)" ( Dean Dillon, Ronnie Dunn) – 2:29.He highlighted "I Wouldn't Know" and the title track as standouts for their production and vocal performances, but thought that the song selection otherwise followed too closely to that of Under the Kudzu and that the album did not seem to take any chances. Jim Ridley of New Country magazine gave the album two-and-a-half stars out of five. "Heaven Bound (I'm Ready)" was previously recorded by the Oak Ridge Boys from their 1991 album Unstoppable, "Every Fire" was later recorded by Jason Sellers on his 1999 album A Matter of Time and Restless Heart on their 2004 album Still Restless and Neal McCoy on his 2012 album XII, "I Wouldn't Know" was recorded by Reba McEntire in 1998 for her album If You See Him, while "She Could Care Less" was later recorded by Joe Nichols on his 1996 self-titled debut. Following it were "Darned If I Don't (Danged If I Do)" at number 4 (it was also their last top 10 hit on the US Country charts), "Heaven Bound (I'm Ready)" at number 24, and "Always Have, Always Will" at number 40. This song was Krauss' first Top 40 country hit, peaking at number 7 on the Billboard country charts in 1995. The first single from the album, "Somewhere in the Vicinity of the Heart", features duet vocals from Alison Krauss.